Ultra-low temperature cold storage refrigeration system

Ultra-low temperature cold storage is used to store and preserve specific foods, medicines, biological samples, etc., which usually need to be maintained at low temperatures. To achieve this temperature requirement, ultra-low temperature cold storage uses an efficient refrigeration system. The working principle of the ultra-low temperature cold storage refrigeration system will be introduced below.

1. Refrigerant cycle
The ultra-low temperature cold storage refrigeration system uses a refrigerant cycle to achieve temperature control. This cycle usually consists of four main components: compressor, condenser, evaporator, and expansion valve. The refrigerant circulates between these components to complete the cooling and heating process.

2. Compressor
The refrigeration cycle process begins with the compressor. In the compressor, the refrigerant is sucked in at low temperature and low pressure, and then compressed into a high temperature and high pressure gas. This process causes the refrigerant to heat up.

3. Condenser
The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas next enters the condenser, which is a heat sink. In the condenser, the refrigerant dissipates heat, is cooled, and becomes a high-pressure liquid. This process causes the temperature of the refrigerant to drop rapidly.

4. Expansion valve
The high-pressure liquid refrigerant is rapidly decompressed through the expansion valve and converted into a low-pressure liquid-gas mixture. This process causes a sharp drop in the temperature of the refrigerant, causing it to enter the evaporator.

5. Evaporator
The refrigerant flows in the evaporator and absorbs heat from the surrounding air or items in the cold storage. This process causes the refrigerant to evaporate and become a low-temperature, low-pressure gas. The evaporator is usually located inside the cold storage to maintain the required ultra-low temperature environment.

6. Temperature control
The temperature control of the refrigeration system is achieved by monitoring the temperature and pressure in the evaporator. When the temperature reaches the set value, the system automatically adjusts the flow rate of the refrigerant and the operation of the compressor to maintain a constant ultra-low temperature.

7. Air circulation
Ultra-low temperature cold storage usually also includes an air circulation system to ensure uniform temperature distribution. The cold air is evenly distributed to various areas in the cold storage by fans to prevent excessive temperature differences.

In general, the refrigeration system of ultra-low temperature cold storage controls and maintains temperature through the circulation and phase change process of the refrigerant. The key to this system is efficient refrigerant circulation and precise temperature control to ensure long-term preservation and storage of items in the cold storage. Ultra-low temperature cold storage plays an important role in the fields of medical treatment, food, scientific research, etc. The working principle of its refrigeration system is the key to its efficiency and reliability.